Eiffel Tower, Paris

Eiffel Tower is a hollow structure tower built in 1889 on the Champ de Mars Square in Paris, France, 300 meters high, 24 meters high antenna, a total height of 324 meters. The Eiffel Tower is named after the bridge engineer Gustave Eiffel who designed it. The design of the tower is novel and unique, and it is a technical masterpiece in the history of world architecture, thus becoming an important scenic spot and prominent symbol of France and Paris. The tower is hollowed out with steel frame and weighs 10,000 tons. There are three levels of platforms 57 meters, 115 meters and 274 meters above sea level for sightseeing, and the fourth level platform is 300 meters above sea level and has a weather station. There is an antenna on the top, which is the Paris Television Center. There are elevators and stairs from the ground to the top of the tower, 710 steps. The tower is a staggered structure, consisting of four thick iron columns with a concrete base at a 75-degree Angle to the ground supporting the sky-high tower, which houses four hydraulic lifts (now elevators). It used more than 1,500 giant prefabricated beams, 1.5 million rivets, 12,000 iron castings, a total weight of 7,000 tons, by 250 workers took 17 months to build, at a cost of 7.4 million gold francs.

Empire State Building

The Empire State Building is a super tall modern office building. It is called the symbol of New York along with the Statue of Liberty. The Empire State Building, which stands at 381 meters above ground, was the tallest building in the world for 40 years from 1931 until it was surpassed by the World Trade Center in 1971. On April 30, 1981, Garrett spent 50 years in the 1250-foot, 102-story Empire State Building in downtown New York. In the 1930s, architects managed to add a 200-foot round tower to make the Empire State Building 1,250 feet tall. The skyscraper was built in just 410 days and is considered a marvel in the history of architecture. For a long time, the Empire State Building was the tallest building in the world. About 330,000 tons of materials were used to build the Empire State Building. The building has 6,500 Windows, 73 elevators, and 1,860 steps to walk from the ground floor to the top. It has a total floor area of 204,385 square meters.

San Francisco's Golden Gate Bridge

In 1579, English explorer FrancisDrake discovered a strait connecting the Pacific Ocean to the mountain of Gold, which became the Golden Gate. The idea of building a bridge across the Golden Gate Strait was discussed as early as 1872, but it was not until 1937 that a suspension bridge was built across the strait. The Golden Gate Bridge spans north and south, connecting the city of San Francisco with Marin County. The bridge, which took over four years to build, is one of the most beautiful steel structures in the world. It is no longer the longest suspension bridge in the world, but it is the most famous. The giant tower of the Golden Gate Bridge is 227 meters high, each cable weighs 6,412 tons, and is made of 27,000 steel wires. Construction began in January 1933 and was first completed and opened to traffic in May 1937. The steel tower stands on the north and south sides of the bridge, with a height of 342 meters, of which the part above the water is 227 meters, equivalent to a 70-storey building. The top of the tower is connected by two steel cables with a diameter of 92.7 cm and a weight of 24,500 tons. The middle point of the steel cable is sagging, almost close to the bridge body, and a thin steel rope is connected between the steel cable and the bridge body. Both ends of the cable extend to the shore and are laid in the rock. The bridge body is suspended in mid-air by the huge tension generated by the two steel cables on both sides of the bridge. The span of the bridge between the steel towers is 1280 meters, which is one of the rare single-hole long span suspension Bridges built in the world. The height of the bridge from the sea to the center of the bridge is about 60 meters, and it is wide and high, so that even when the tide is high, large ships can be unimpeded

Sydney Opera House

Sydney Opera House The entire building covers an area of 1.84 hectares, 183 meters long, 118 meters wide, 67 meters high, equivalent to the height of 20 stories, the appearance of the Sydney Opera House is three sets of huge shell pieces, standing on the base of a north and south length of 186 meters, the widest point of 97 meters in situ reinforced concrete structure. The first set of shells is on the west side of the lot, four pairs of shells are arranged in string, three pairs face north, one pair faces south, and inside is the grand concert hall. The Concert Hall is the largest hall of the Sydney Opera House, with a capacity of 2,679 spectators, and is usually used for symphony, chamber music, opera, dance, chorus, pop, jazz and other performances. The most special feature of this concert hall is the large pipe organ designed and built by Australian artist Roald Sharp in front of the dry concert hall, which is known as the world's largest mechanical wooden connecting rod organ composed of 10,500 air pipes. In addition, the building materials of the entire concert hall are made of Australian wood, which is a loyal representation of Australia's own style. The second group is on the east side of the lot, roughly parallel to the first group, with the same form but slightly smaller scale, and the interior is the opera hall. Smaller than the concert hall, the Opera Hall, with 1,547 seats, is mainly used for opera, ballet and dance performances, and the third group, to the southwest of them, is the smallest, consisting of two pairs of shells, and contains the dining room. The other rooms are cleverly arranged within the pedestal. The entrance to the whole complex is at the south end, with a large step 97 meters wide. Vehicle entrances and parking are located below the large steps.

Millennium Dome, London

The Millennium Dome, located on the Greenwich Peninsula by the River Thames in east London, is a landmark building built by the British government to welcome the 21st century. Originally conceived as a temporary project, the project proved to be of great value both in terms of regeneration of the surrounding urban area and long-term investment in transport infrastructure. After the Labour government took office in 1997, It was decided to build a large complex exhibition building covering 73 hectares, with a total cost of $1.25 billion, including a series of exhibition and performance venues, as well as shopping malls, restaurants, bars, etc., which was unveiled on December 31, 1999. The bend diameter is 320m, the circumference is greater than 1000m, there are 12 masts that penetrate the roof up to 100, and the roof adopts a spherical tension film structure. The membrane surface is supported on 72 radial steel cables of a section of 32nd of 2X, which are supported by the rods through the 25㎡ distance of the cable and lashings, which simultaneously stabilize the gun. In addition, there are four ring plain running frames to connect the steel cables into a network. The spindle-shaped mast consists of a longitudinal round steel pipe intersected with a transverse square steel welded into a lattice structure. The mast is arranged along a circumference of 200m in diameter and supported on a quad-corner conical base composed of four rods. Some thin steel cables lead from the 10m high base, so as not to hinder the display.

The Seattle Space Needle

One of Seattle's landmarks is the Space Needle, which was designed for the 1962 World's Fair in Seattle. It is now one of the ICONS of Seattle. The Space Needle is 605 feet tall, and its 520-foot-high observation deck and revolving restaurant offer a 360-degree view of Seattle. The Space Needle tower is 184 meters tall, 42 meters wide at its widest point, and weighs 9,550 tons. It can withstand winds of 320 kilometers per hour and 9.1 magnitude earthquakes, and has 25 lightning rods to withstand electric shocks. The main facilities of the Space Needle are located on the 159-meter-above ground sightseeing level, such as the Sky City restaurant and boutique. Standing at the top of the tower, you can see not only the entire downtown Seattle landscape, but also the Olympic Mountains, the Cascades, Mount Rainier, Eliad Bay and its nearby islands. The Space Needle is shorter than many buildings in the area, but it often appears in a prominent position in photos of Seattle. This is because the Space Needle is more than a kilometer away from these buildings, and when the photographer took the picture, the Space Needle was in front of the buildings, so it appeared taller than the other buildings. Many first-time visitors to Seattle are surprised to see the Space Needle in person, because the 60-story building is really not too tall, and far from the city center, the view from the top of the tower is only modest. Visitors can take a lift up to the top of the tower at 16 kilometers per hour, the whole journey is about 43 seconds, and sometimes because of many visitors have to queue for about an hour to enter. The restaurant at the top of the tower is a rotating restaurant that offers 360-degree views of Seattle in 47 minutes. In 1993, the lift on the tower was replaced and reached 16 km/h, falling at the same speed as a rain drop. The Space Needle held a fireworks display on New Year's Day 2007.

St. Louis Arch

Gateway Arch in St. Louis, Missouri. It is the tallest single-standing monument in the United States. This shiny circular shape made of steel rises from the ground, nearly 200 meters high, the span is nearly 200 meters, and the height is exactly the same. Ilo Saarinen, a Finnish-American architect, designed the Gateway Arch in a national design competition in the late 1940s. However, construction did not begin until February 1963 and was completed in October 1965. Later, a transportation system was added to the arch, allowing people to climb to a viewing platform at the top of the arch. The Gateway Arch is located on the Mississippi River. Gateway means gate, and St. Louis is known as the gateway to the West, hence the name of the arch.

Kuala Lumpur Petro Towers

The Petronas Twin Towers are the office complex of Petronas and a great place for visitors to see Kuala Lumpur from the clouds. The design style of the twin towers reflects the young, moderate and modern urban personality of the city of Kuala Lumpur, highlighting the unique concept of iconic landscape design. World famous architect Cesar Peli is the designer of this building. The Petronas Twin Towers, located in the heart of Kuala Lumpur, are 88 storeys high and are the most famous superbuildings in the world. Majestic and imposing, it is the pride of Malaysia. With a height of 451.9 meters, it broke the highest record held by the Hills Tower in Chicago, USA, for 22 years, becoming a unique giant building in the world today. The project began on December 27, 1993, was officially capped on February 13, 1996, and was completed in 1997. It was built by Petronas with RM2 billion, one is for Petronas office, the other is for rental office, and there is a bridge between the 40th and 41st floors to facilitate traffic between buildings. The building is easily visible from all over Kuala Lumpur. The building was magnificent, like two tall spires punctured the sky. Completed in 1998, the Twin Towers, with 88 floors and a height of 1,483 feet (452 m), are two separate towers connected by a podium on the 41st and 42nd floors of the two main towers, a 58.4 m long, 170 m above the ground skybridge. The independent tower is shaped like two giant corn, so it is also known as the Twin Peaks

A tall building. The skywalk connecting the Twin Towers is currently the highest overpass in the world.

China National Stadium

The Bird's Nest is the main stadium for the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games. By the 2001 Pritzker Prize winner Herzog and de Meuron and Chinese architects completed the giant stadium design, the shape is like the birth of life "nest", it is more like a cradle, the hope of mankind for the future. The designers have done nothing superfluous to this national nursery, just frankly exposing the structure to the elements, and naturally forming the appearance of the building. "Bird's Nest" with a huge steel net to cover the stadium of 91,000 people, sightseeing stairs naturally become an extension of the structure, the column disappeared, the uniform force of the net like a tree without a clear direction, let people feel that every seat is equal, as if back to the forest, the sun filtered into a diffused inflatable film, so that the stadium goodbye sunshine shadow, The whole terrain is raised 4 meters, and the interior is used as auxiliary facilities, avoiding the huge investment consumed by digging down the earth. Bird's Nest is a large-span curved structure, there are a large number of curved box structures, not planning and installation are very challenging, in the construction process everywhere can not be separated from scientific and technological support. "Bird's Nest" adopts today's advanced construction technology, and the whole project has a total of twenty or thirty technical problems, among which the steel structure is unique in the world. The total weight of the "Bird's Nest" steel structure is 42,000 tons, the maximum span is 343 meters, and the structure is quite complex, and its three-dimensional distortion is like the processing of twist, and the related construction technical problems are listed as key projects of the Ministry of Science and Technology.