Steel structure is the steel plate, round steel, steel pipe, steel cable and various types of steel processing, connection, installation of the engineering structure. Steel structures need to withstand the effects of various possible natural and man-made environments, and are engineering structures and structures with sufficient reliability and good social and economic benefits.

Because steel can be recycled, smelted and reused, the steel structure is an energy-saving, environmentally friendly and recyclable building structure, which meets the requirements of sustainable and healthy economic development.

The use of steel structure

Steel structure is widely used in high-rise buildings, large factory buildings, long-span space structures, light steel structures and residential buildings.

In highway and railway Bridges, thermal power plant and boiler steel frame, transmission and transformation tower, radio and television communication tower, offshore oil platform, nuclear power plant, wind power generation, water conservancy construction, underground foundation steel sheet pile and so on.

Urban construction requires a large number of steel structures, such as subways, urban light railways, overpasses, environmental protection buildings, public facilities, temporary buildings and so on.

In addition, steel structure is also widely used in supermarket shelves, scaffolding, square pieces, sculptures and temporary exhibition halls and other small light structures.

Type of steel structure

It is used for the sheltering structure of the factory building, the frame structure for multi-high-rise buildings, the frame shear wall structure, the frame cylinder structure, the plate mesh structure and the curved top mesh structure for the large space. Different building functions, the use of structural forms are also different. The steel structure design should implement the national technical specifications, so as to achieve advanced technology, economic and reasonable, safe and practical, and ensure quality.

Pay attention to the following requirements when designing and making structures:

First of all, according to the functional requirements of the building, the corresponding reasonable structural system is adopted. To achieve advanced technology, novel structure, to achieve the perfect unity of architecture and structure.

The steel structure (except the container) is mainly based on the rod, so the rod size is as modular and standardized as possible, which is easy to mechanized manufacturing, transportation, installation and improve productivity.

The use of high efficiency steel with high economic indicators.

The joints of steel structure are very important, and the proper connection mode should be adopted to make the joint design consistent with the simplified model of structural calculation. Most of the structural damage in the past occurred at the nodes, so the nodes should be carefully designed and constructed.

Development course

Although China had outstanding achievements in iron structure in the early days, it remained at the level of iron buildings for a long time. Until the end of the 19th century, China began to use modern steel structure. After the establishment of New China, the application of steel structure has been greatly developed, both in quantity and quality are far beyond the past.

The number of steel structure buildings marks the economic strength and economic development of a country or a region. After entering the year 2000, China's national economy has grown significantly, the national strength has increased significantly, steel production has become a world power, in the construction put forward to "actively and reasonably use steel", from now on got rid of the "restriction of steel" constraints, steel structure building in the economically developed areas gradually increased.

The downstream steel structure industry has a greater traction and driving effect on the development of the steel structure industry, and their changes in demand directly determine the future development of the industry.

Steel structure has the following advantages and disadvantages:

The larger structure. Because the rod is small, it takes up less space and is easy to transport and install.

Uniform material, high reliability. The structure of the steel is uniform and close to isotropic homogeneous body. Steel produced by steel mills, strict control, quality is relatively stable.

Good plasticity and toughness. The tensile strength and compressive strength of the steel structure are the same, the plasticity and toughness are good, suitable for bearing impact and dynamic loads, and have good seismic performance.

Easy to mechanize manufacturing. Steel structure is made of rolled profiles and steel plates in the factory, easy to mechanized manufacturing, high production efficiency, fast speed, high precision of finished products, easy to guarantee the quality, is the highest degree of industrialization in the engineering structure of a structure.

Easy installation, short construction period. The steel structure is easy to install, the construction period is short, and the economic benefits of investment can be played as soon as possible.

Good sealing. The tightness of the steel structure is better, and it is easy to make the atmospheric pressure and high pressure vessel structure and large diameter pipeline with tight water leakage and tight air leakage.

Good heat resistance. When the surface temperature of the structure is less than 200℃, the strength of the steel changes very little, so the steel structure is suitable for hot turning. However, when the structure surface is exposed to radiation for a long time up to 150 ° C, it should be protected by heat insulation panels. Fire retardant coatings such as thermal insulation materials and chemical additives to improve fire resistance.

Poor corrosion resistance. The steel structure has poor corrosion resistance, especially in the environment where the wet phase has corrosive media, it is easy to rust, and regular maintenance is required, which increases the maintenance cost.

Development prospect

China's steel structure industry has developed rapidly in the past 10 years, and has become a steel structure country with the largest steel structure consumption, the strongest manufacturing and construction capacity, the first industrial scale and the first enterprise scale in the world.

Because of its economic and technological superiority, low-carbon emission reduction, circular economy and industrialization, industrialization development, steel structure industry can better adapt to and meet the current needs of China's national economic construction, and will become one of the emerging industries with a broad market, many enterprises, continuous innovation, and full of vitality.

Famous steel structure - Kuala Lumpur Twin Towers

The Petronas Twin Towers, located in the heart of Kuala Lumpur, are 88 storeys high and are the most famous super buildings in the world. Majestic and imposing, it is the pride of Malaysia. With a height of 451.9 meters, it broke the highest record held by the Hills Tower in Chicago, USA, for 22 years, becoming a unique giant building in the world today.

The project began on December 27, 1993, was officially capped on February 13, 1996, and was completed in 1997. It was built by Petronas for RM2 billion. The world famous architect, Cesar Peli, is the designer of this building.